Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by progressive photoreceptor\nloss. In recent years, research has been rarely made in blood flow affected in RP. The specific mechanism of blood flow affected in\nRP is not completely clear. A number of studies indicated that the decreased blood flow was related to RP. According to clinical\nobservation and treatment experience, Chinese medicine considered that blood stasis runs throughout the RP disease\nprogression, and the blood stasis corresponding to Chinese herbal medicine has a positive effect on the clinical treatment of RP.\nTherefore, we proposed that the decreased blood flow may participate in the lesion. In this article, we will review the findings on\nthe decreased blood flow affected in RP from the perspective of modern medicine and Chinese medicine...
The incidence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer (HPV+ OPC) is increasing, thus presenting new challenges for disease\ndetection and management. Noninvasive methods involving brush biopsies of diseased tissues were recently reported as\ninsufficient for tumor detection in HPV+ OPC patients, likely due to differences between the site of tumor initiation at the base\nof involuted crypts and the site of brush biopsy at the crypt surface. We hypothesized that histologically normal surface\nepithelial cells in the oropharynx contain changes in nuclear morphology that arise due to tumor proximity. We analyzed the\nnuclear phenotype of matched tumor, tumor-adjacent normal, and contralateral normal tissues from biopsies of nine HPV+\nOPC patients. Measurements of 89 nuclear features were used to train a random forest-based classifier to discriminate between\nnormal and tumor nuclei. We then extracted voting scores from the trained classifier, which classify nuclei on a continuous\nscale from zero (ââ?¬Å?normal-likeââ?¬Â) to one (ââ?¬Å?tumor-likeââ?¬Â). In each case, the average score of the adjacent normal nuclei was\nintermediate between the tumor and contralateral normal nuclei. These results provide evidence for the existence of phenotypic\nchanges in histologically normal, tumor-adjacent surface epithelial cells, which could be used as brush biopsy-based biomarkers\nfor HPV+OPC detection....
Background. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality; nevertheless, there are few\ndata regarding detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in NSCLC, compared to other kinds of cancers in which their prognostic\nroles have already been defined. This difference is likely due to detection methods based on the epithelial marker expression which\nignore CTCs undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (CTCsEMT). Methods. After optimization of the test with spiking\nexperiments of A549 cells undergoing TGF-�²1-induced EMT (A549EMT), the CTCsEMT were enriched by immunomagnetic\ndepletion of leukocytes and then characterized by a RT-PCR assay based on the retrieval of epithelial and EMT-related genes.\nBlood samples from ten metastatic NSCLC patients before starting treatment and during chemotherapy were used to test this\napproach by longitudinal monitoring. Ten age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were also enrolled as controls. Results.\nRecovery experiments of spiked A549EMT cells showed that the RT-PCR assay is a reliable method for detection of CTCsEMT.\nCTCsEMT were detected in three patients at baseline and in six patients after four cycles of cysplatin-based chemotherapy.\nLongitudinal monitoring of three patients showed that the CTCsEMT detection is related to poor therapeutic response.\nConclusions. The RT-PCR-based approach for the evaluation of CTCsEMT phenotype could be a promising and inexpensive tool\nto predict the prognosis and the therapeutic response in NSCLC patients....
The progressive decline of the ovarian follicle pool leads to reproductive ageing. The latter is accompanied by age-related disorders,\nincluding various types of cancer. In fact, the highest rates of ovarian cancer (OC) occur at postmenopause while OC risk is\nsignificantly modulated by parity records during previous fertile life. We approached the age-parity relationship in the C57BL/6\nmouse model and herein describe the presence of nonheme iron (hemosiderin) and deposits of the ââ?¬Å?age pigmentââ?¬Â lipofuscin in\nreproductively aged mouse ovaries by applying conventional histochemical methods and autofluorescence. In addition, the 8-\nOHdG adduct was evaluated in ovarian genomic DNA. Both hemosiderin and lipofuscin were significantly higher in virgin\ncompared to multiparous ovaries. The same pattern was observed for 8-OHdG. We conclude that nulliparity induces a longterm\naccumulation of iron and lipofuscin with concomitant oxidative damage to DNA in the mouse ovary. Since lipofuscin is a\nwidely accepted senescence marker and given the recently postulated role of lipofuscin-associated iron as a source of reactive\noxygen species (ROS) in senescent cells, these findings suggest a possible pathogenic mechanism by which nulliparity\ncontributes to an increased OC risk in the postmenopausal ovary....
Primary bones cancers are rare and ubiquitous malignant tumors. Aim: Our\nstudy aimed was to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects\nof primary malignant bone cancers in Ivory Coast. Material and method:\nThis is a retrospective and descriptive study of primary malignant bone cancers\ndiagnosed over the period 1990 to 2013 (24 years). The studied parameters\nwere: epidemiological aspects (frequency, age, sex, topography) and histological\naspects. Results: Over the study period, primary malignant bone\ncancers accounted for 1.93% (n = 228) of cancers. The average age was 27.02\nyears with extremes of 2 and 85 years. The sex ratio was 1.65. They were in the\nskull and maxilla in 43.9% (n = 105), lower limbs (23.8%), spine and ribs\n(19.8%), pelvis (5.3%) and upper limbs (2.3%). The clinic was dominated by\npain and alteration of general state. Radiology was variable depending on the\nhistological type. In children, primary malignant bone cancers were found in\nthe maxillary (77.9%) and the lower limb (15.8%). Burkitt�s lymphomas\nrepresented 36.4% (n = 66) of the histological types followed by 22.4% osteosarcomas\n(n = 51). In adults at histology, sarcomas were the most common\n(10%), followed by cancers of the hematopoietic and lymphatic organs\n(8.09%). Conclusion: Primary malignant bone cancers are rare in Ivory\nCoast. They most often affect male children with maxillofacial involvement\nand predominant lower extremity. Burkitt�s lymphoma and osteosarcoma are\nthe often diagnosed histological types....
Loading....